Avalon Miner Power Supply Repair Guide

Avalon Miner Power Supply Repair Guide

In order to help and guide the site operation and maintenance personnel to improve the repair efficiency and accuracy of the Avalonminer power supply, this repair guide is specially prepared for reference in combination with power supply after-sales maintenance data.

Ⅰ. Scope of application:

Ⅱ. Basic components of power supply:

1. Electronic components - Resistor

(1) Carbon film resistor

Power: 1/16W~2W

Resistance value: 1Ω~3.3MΩ

Tolerance: ±1%(F)~±5%(J)

(2) Metal oxide skin film resistor

Power: 1/8W~5W

Resistance value: 5Ω~1MΩ

Tolerance: ±0.1%~±5%(J)

(3) SMD resistor

Power: 1/16W~1/2W

Resistance value: 0Ω~33MΩ

Tolerance: ±5%

(4) Varistor (safety gauge)

With nonlinear voltammetry characteristics, mainly used for voltage clamp when the circuit is under overvoltage, absorb excess current to protect sensitive devices.

2. Electronic components - Capacitor

(1) Ceramic capacitor

Withstand Voltage: depending on specific specifications

Nominal capacitance: subject to specific specifications

Tolerance: depending on specific specifications

(2) X capacitor: Safety capacitance

(3) Y capacitor: Safety capacitance

(4) Thin film capacitor: Nonpolar

High insulation impedance and wide range of frequency response

(5) Electrolytic capacitor

Polarity requirements: the long lead is positive and the short lead is negative.

(6) The patch capacitor

Pressure resistance: depending on specific specifications

Nominal capacitance: subject to specific specifications

Tolerance: depending on specific specifications

3. Electronic components - Transistor

(1) Diode: Rectifier, switch, voltage regulator, etc.

Polarity requirements: ring mark or short pin for the negative pole.

(2) Triode

The main function is signal switching and amplification.

(3) IC: the integrated circuit

Pin number identification: the IC front letter, code to their own, so that the positioning mark (packaging surface has dots or gaps) toward the left below, the bottom left pin is the first foot, the other serial number according to the counterclockwise order.

4. Internal structural parts of power supply

III. Avalon miner power supply working principle

The main circuits of the power supply are: EMI circuit, bridge rectifier,

power correction circuit, flyback circuit, auxiliary half-bridge LLC resonant circuit, auxiliary synchronous rectifier filter circuit, main half-bridge LLC resonant circuit, main synchronous rectifier filter circuit, MCU control circuit, protection circuit.

(1) Power on, the input AC voltage is translated to DC voltage through the EMI circuit and the bridge rectify circuit.

(2) DC voltage generates 18VCC through flyback circuit.

(3) 18VCC is converted to power the relay, auxiliary circuit LLC2 IC, main circuit LLC1 IC, PFC IC.

(4) After the PFC chip works, the PFC voltage is boosted, the main circuit LLC1 IC and auxiliary circuit LLC2 IC begin to work.

(5) After the main output LLC1 chip works, there is a main output voltage through LLC resonant circuit, and then the synchronous rectification works;

(6) After the auxiliary circuit LLC2 IC works, there is a auxiliary output voltage through LLC resonant circuit, and then the synchronous rectification works;

(7) The auxiliary voltage is translated to power the MCU IC, Which provides software communication, control, protection function.

IV. Power supply circuit diagram

1. For PSU3300-03 and PSU3300-03 PLUS

2. PSU3300-01 PLUS1

Ⅴ. Common failure analysis and maintenance

For PSU3300-03 and PSU3300-03 PLUS

1. Hardware failure

(1) Analysis process

①. Fault type determination, the specific method is:

a. If the power supply is cut off, remove it from the miner.

b. Short circuit the 2Pin on the right of the terminal (near the V+ terminal), as shown in figure:

c. Power on the power supply unit, not connected to the miner.

d. Multimeter set the DC voltage range and measure the output voltage of the power supply.

Connect the positive terminal of the multimeter to the PSU terminal "+" and the negative terminal to the PSU terminal "-"：

If voltage ≥ 11.9V, the power supply hardware is preliminarily determined to be OK, to be confirmed by machine aging;

If voltage < 11.9V, it is preliminarily determined that the power supply hardware is faulty.

② Hardware troubleshooting:

a. The power supply has no output maintenance process:

(2) Maintenance method

2. Software failure

(1) Analysis process and fault type determination

a. Turn off the power supply and remove it from the whole miner;

b. Short-circuit the 2 pins on the right side of the terminal (near the V+ terminal), as shown in the figure:

c. Turn on the power supply unit without connecting the miner;

d. Set the multimeter to the DC voltage gear and measure the power supply's output voltage. Connect the positive pole of the multimeter to the power terminal "+" and the negative pole to the power terminal "-".

If voltage <11.9V, it is preliminarily determined that the power supply hardware is faulty. The analysis process and repair method are as described above.

If ≥11.9V, it is preliminarily determined that the power supply hardware is OK. Next, the PSU is connected to a qualified miner (hash rate, power consumption ratio and other indicators are qualified) and normal running aging.

If there is still no hashrate, low hashrate, abnormal PS data, or other related error codes, it is preliminarily determined that the PSU software circuit is faulty;

After connecting the miner, if the aging hashrate, power consumption ratio, and other indicators are normal, the power supply is OK.

(2) Repair method

Troubleshoot the MCU board STM8S005C6T6 IC chip, resistor, and capacitor components one by one and replace them accordingly.

For PSU3300-01 PLUS1

1. Repair and Maintenance

(1) PSU troubleshooting

a. PSU introduction

b. Product appearance inspection and testing

① First, observe the appearance to see if there is obvious damage. If there is an obvious appearance problem, it can be impacted or dropped.

② Secondly, shake to see if there is any abnormal sound. If there is any abnormal sound, the power tube may blow up.

③ Measure the input and output impedance with a multimeter again to see if there is a short circuit, whether the input terminal is loose or arcing, and whether there is a short circuit between L / N / G. The output terminal of the 12V main circuit is deformed, short-circuited with the shell. The short circuit between positive and negative electrodes is measured. 12V auxiliary circuit output terminal is damaged, and there is a short circuit between pin pins, and a short circuit between positive and negative poles is measured.

④ Check if foreign objects block the fan blades;

⑤ Power on the PSU, short-circuit the AGND and SETUP of the 5Pin terminal can start the main circuit output;

⑥ Observe the indicator light on the front panel. The green light is on for normal operation, and the red light indicates an abnormality, and the input voltage must be disconnected immediately;

⑦ Power on the PSU and observe the indicator light inside it:

1) The indicator light is always on: the output fan is faulty.

2) The indicator light flashes once and goes out for 3S: ambient temperature is too high for protection.

3) The indicator light flashes twice and goes out for 3S: secondary heat dissipation temperature protection.

4) The indicator light flashes 3 times and goes out for 3S: LLC heat dissipation temperature protection.

5) The indicator light flashes 4 times and goes out for 3S: PFC heat dissipation temperature protection.

⑧ If there is no response after powering on, open the cover and discharge the capacitor.

1) Open the input control switch (0: off, 1: on), and measure whether the switch is closed normally;

2) Observe whether there is a blown power tube or burned device inside the PSU;

3) Measure the main power tube to see if there is any damage.

⑨ Power on the bare metal: measure key voltages

1) Large electrolytic capacitor voltage: about 390V

2) Primary auxiliary power VCC power about 15V

3) Auxiliary output power 15V

4) Auxiliary 12V

5) Main circuit default output 13V

(2) Flowchart of disassembling the casing of the whole machine

(3) Determination of defective PCBA appearance

(4) Flowchart for analyzing PCBA hardware failure

(5) Method of detecting defective products using a multimeter

2. Common fault analysis and repair

(1) BOM list of common fault failure components

(2) Common faults and repair methods

Phenomenon 1: No output

Repair method:

Step 1. Check whether the C4 capacitor voltage is 388V to 420V. If no, check the circuit near U15 to see if there is 14V.

Step 2. The 14V is powered by U10, U7, and U6. If normal, check whether the output MOS is short-circuited. If not, check whether the front-stage MOS tube and nearby circuits are normal.

Phenomenon 2: No main output

Repair method:

The auxiliary circuit is normal, and the main circuit has no output. Check whether the 7th pin of the communication board has 1.5V. If so, it means the communication signal is normal. Check whether input and output MOS tubes are short-circuited, whether the components near U12 and U19 are normal, and whether the PFC voltage is normal.

Phenomenon 3: No IIC communication output

Repair method:

First, make sure that the auxiliary circuit of the machine has a 12V output and short-circuit AGND and SETUP with a short-circuit cap to start the main circuit. The output voltage is normal, indicating that the power supply of the miner is normal.

It is necessary to check whether the output 6P cable is damaged and the cable sequence is correct.

If it is correct, check whether the components around the U14 chip are damaged and use a multimeter to connect DAT and CLK to the ground resistance value is correct.

If it is incorrect, it can be judged that it is a problem with U14 and nearby circuits. If the resistance value is correct, it is necessary to check whether U17 and the nearby circuit and power voltage are normal. If the program is lost, it will not communicate.

Phenomenon 4: PSU fail

Repair method:

Measure C12, C17, C31, C32, C40,   C41, C46, C47, C48, C49, C51, C52, C55, C56, C57, C59, C60, C62, C63, C64, C65, C66, C70, C71, C72, C73.

Phenomenon 5: PSU no output

Repair method:

Step 1. Check whether the ON/OFF switch fails or not.

Step 2. Is the F1 fuse broken or not?

Step 3. C4 capacitors voltage within 388-420V

Step 4. Measure with a multimeter to check whether input MOS failed or not.

VI. Repair tools and materials

Ⅶ. Maintenance precautions

1. When checking the bad power supply, be sure to use the protection switch to avoid damage from an explosion.

2. Pay attention to electrostatic protection during maintenance and wear an anti-static wristband.

3. For the temperature management of the soldering iron, it is recommended to control it at 380℃~420℃.

4. The same model and specification products should be used to replace maintenance materials.

5. The defective materials replaced during maintenance must be marked as faulty, and the on-site positioning management should be optimized to avoid mixing with qualified products.

6. Record the power supply S/N serial number, defective phenomenon, defective cause, maintenance method, and other information, and provide maintenance record sheets regularly.